The Red Fort, or Lal Qila, is a historic fortification in Old Delhi that stands as a symbol of India’s rich Mughal heritage. Built by Emperor Shah Jahan in 1639, it served as the main residence for Mughal emperors for nearly 200 years. The fort is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, celebrated for its architectural brilliance and historical significance.
Architectural Highlights
- Material and Design: Constructed primarily from red sandstone, the fort exemplifies Mughal architectural mastery with intricate carvings, marble inlays, and floral motifs.
- Layout: The Red Fort’s design follows the traditional Mughal garden layout, with a harmonious blend of open spaces and symmetrical structures.
- Lahori Gate: The iconic main entrance, named after its orientation toward Lahore, remains a focal point during India’s Independence Day celebrations.
Key Structures Inside the Fort
- Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience)
- A large pavilion where the emperor addressed commoners and resolved their grievances.
- Features ornate pillars and arches reflecting Mughal aesthetics.
- Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audience)
- Reserved for meetings with dignitaries and nobility, it once housed the legendary Peacock Throne.
- Its interior boasts intricate marble work and precious stone inlays.
- Mumtaz Mahal and Rang Mahal
- Residential quarters adorned with vibrant frescoes and decorative ceilings.
- Reflect the luxurious lifestyle of the Mughal royal family.
- Nahr-i-Bihisht (Stream of Paradise)
- A water channel running through the fort’s palaces and gardens, symbolizing the paradise rivers mentioned in the Quran.